MSDS for 1,4-Dibromobutane

Identification

Product Name: 1,4-Dibromobutane
Synonyms: Tetra methylene dibromide
Chemical Formula: C4H8Br2
CAS Number: 110-52-1
Recommended Use: Intermediate in organic synthesis, chemical reagent, lab chemical
Supplier Details: Contact information for manufacturer, emergency contact available on label
Contact in Emergency: Local emergency number, poison control, available company hotline

Hazard Identification

Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, inhalation, dermal), skin and eye irritation, suspected carcinogen, aquatic toxicity
GHS Label Elements: Danger symbol (skull and crossbones, exclamation mark), hazard statements like “harmful if inhaled or swallowed”, “causes skin irritation”, “causes serious eye irritation”, and “toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects”
Routes of Exposure: Absorbed through skin, inhaled, ingested
Immediate Health Symptoms: Redness, coughing, dizziness, abdominal pain, sore throat, vomiting
Potential Long-Term Effects: Central nervous system depression, organ toxicity (liver, kidneys), carcinogenic risk

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: 1,4-Dibromobutane
Concentration: 98-100%
Impurities: Minor aliphatic bromides may be present in trace amounts
Additives: No intentionally added stabilizers or colorants
Molecular Weight: 215.92 g/mol

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, keep at rest, seek medical help if breathing is difficult; artificial respiration by trained personnel if stopped breathing
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with soap and large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical advice for irritation or burns
Eye Contact: Rinse with gentle, steady stream of water for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, get prompt medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical assistance
Delayed Effects: Monitor for complications like pulmonary edema, liver/kidney damage; provide symptomatic care

Fire-Fighting Measures

Flammability: Not highly flammable but combustible under certain conditions
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, water fog
Unsuitable Media: Avoid water jets directly on burning liquid
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen bromide, bromine vapors, carbon oxides
Protective Equipment: Firefighters use full-face, self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing
Special Risks: Containers can rupture under heat, run-off may pollute waterways

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Keep unprotected people away, ventilate area, wear gloves, chemical goggles, impervious clothing, and proper respiratory protection
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from reaching soil, sewers, surface, or ground water
Cleanup Methods: Absorb with inert material (sand or earth), collect in covered containers, wash remnants with plenty of water and detergent, ventilate and decontaminate area
Disposal Practices: Dispose as hazardous waste according to local or national laws

Handling and Storage

Handling Precautions: Avoid breathing vapors, avoid skin and eye contact, wear appropriate PPE, handle under fume hood if possible, keep container tightly closed
Storage Requirements: Store in tightly sealed, labeled containers, in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas away from incompatible substances such as strong bases or oxidizers
Incompatibilities: Avoid strong ahydrides, oxidizing and reducing agents
Storage Conditions: Away from direct sunlight, ignition sources, moisture; secondary containment recommended for large quantities

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Limits: No OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV established for 1,4-dibromobutane, but minimize exposure by general good practice
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods, local exhaust, eye wash stations, and emergency showers in work area
Personal Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, PVC), splash goggles, flame-retardant lab coat, closed footwear, NIOSH-approved respirator if airborne exposure likely
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands/face after handling, remove contaminated clothes, launder before reuse

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Faint sweet, chloroform-like
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -35°C
Boiling Point: 189-191°C
Flash Point: Above 75°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Slow
Vapor Pressure: Low (0.2 mmHg at 20°C)
Vapor Density: 7.45 (air = 1)
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (less than 1 g/L at room temp)
Density: 1.98-2.00 g/cm³
Partition Coefficient (log Pow): 2.3-2.7
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: May decompose above 200°C
Viscosity: Low to moderate

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended conditions and ambient temperature
Reactivity: Undergoes nucleophilic substitution and elimination, reacts vigorously with strong bases
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, alkali metals, strong acids, strong bases
Hazardous Decomposition: Hydrogen bromide, bromine gas, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide under fire
Polymerization: No hazardous polymerization expected
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, open flames, contact with incompatible chemicals

Toxicological Information

Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin, ingestion, eyes
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 745 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal, rabbit): data not fully available; toxicity by inhalation in rodents at high concentration
Skin Irritation: Causes skin redness, burning, possible blistering
Eye Effects: Causes tearing, pain, possible reversible damage
Sensitization: May cause allergic reaction after repeated contact
Long-Term Exposure: Evidence of central nervous, liver, or kidney effects in animal tests; not listed as human carcinogen but structurally related to known DNA-alkylators
Other Effects: Drowsiness, headaches, nausea, chronic dermatitis in those habitually exposed

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic life (fish, daphnids, algae); measured LC50 in fish: 10-40 mg/L/96h
Persistence/Degradability: Biodegradation in the environment is slow; resistant to microbial decomposition
Bioaccumulation: Log Pow 2.3-2.7 signals moderate tendency to accumulate in aquatic organisms
Mobility: Sinks in water due to high density; low volatility means little atmospheric dispersal
Other Hazards: Can taint water/soil, do not allow to enter drains or sewers

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment: Collect in specified hazardous waste containers; do not mix with other chemical classes
Incineration: Organic solvent incinerator equipped for halogenated waste; avoid uncontrolled burning
Disposal of Containers: Triple rinse, then render containers unusable and dispose by licensed handler
Environmental Caution: Do not dump into soil, streams, municipal waste

Transport Information

UN Number: 2522
Proper Shipping Name: 1,4-Dibromobutane
Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III (minor hazard)
Transport Labels: “Toxic”, “Environmentally Hazardous” required
Special Precautions: Keep containers upright, sealed, away from food or animal feed; follow legal requirements during shipment
Bulk Transport: DOT, IMO, IATA, ADR compliant; spill kit and emergency instructions recommended for shipment

Regulatory Information

OSHA Status: Controlled under hazardous chemical labeling; not covered by a specific OSHA standard
SARA Title III: Listed under Section 313 for certain reporting requirements; not an EHS chemical
TSCA: Listed in US EPA TSCA Inventory
REACH: Registered in EU, subject to handling and notification restrictions
Labeling Requirements: Signal word “Danger”, hazard pictogram “skull and crossbones”, precautionary statements for safe use
Other Regulatory Status: Covered in IARC group 2B (possible carcinogen); not a listed carcinogen under California Prop 65