Material Safety Data Sheet: 2-Bromopropionyl Bromide

Identification

Product Name: 2-Bromopropionyl Bromide
Chemical Formula: C3H4Br2O
CAS Number: 598-22-1
Synonyms: 2-Bromopropanoic acid bromide, α-Bromopropionyl bromide
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemicals, synthesis of pharmaceuticals, organic intermediate
Supplier Details: Manufacturer's address, contact number, and business hours should be clearly provided to ensure accessibility, especially in emergencies.
Emergency Contact: Emergency phone number with access instructions for rapid response during incidents.

Hazard Identification

Classification: Corrosive, Toxic by inhalation and skin absorption, Hazardous to aquatic life
GHS Label Elements: Danger signal word, corrosion and skull-and-crossbones pictograms
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, rapidly harmful if swallowed or enters airways
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, mist, vapors; wear protective gloves, eye/face protection, and use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area
Other Hazards: Reacts violently with water, fumes are highly irritating and can cause delayed health effects.

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: 2-Bromopropionyl Bromide
Common Name: 2-Bromopropionyl Bromide
Purity: Not less than 98%
Impurities: ≤1% of related brominated compounds or organic acids
Additional Ingredients: No significant stabilizers or diluents present in most laboratory supplies.

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move exposed person to fresh air immediately, provide artificial respiration if breathing stops, administer oxygen by trained personnel
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing fast, flush skin with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical help
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of water for a minimum of 20 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids occasionally, see a medical professional
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth with water, if the person is conscious offer small amounts of water but get medical assistance promptly
Symptoms / Effects: Severe burning pain, redness, ulcerations, breathing difficulty, possible delayed pulmonary effects
Advice for Rescuers: Wear gloves, mask, and goggles at all times, avoid direct exposure.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, foam extinguisher
Unsuitable Media: Direct water jet can intensify hazard due to violent reaction with water
Specific Hazards: Gives off corrosive and toxic fumes of hydrogen bromide and carbon oxides on decomposition
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear essential
Special Procedures: Approach fire from upwind direction, keep containers cool by spraying with water from a safe distance, contain runoff to prevent environmental spread.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, keep upwind, wear chemical-resistant gloves, splash goggles, lab coat or chemical suit
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains, sewers, or water sources, report leaks promptly
Cleanup Methods: Absorb spill with inert material like sand, carefully collect residue in labeled chemical waste container, neutralize with soda ash or suitable neutralizer after bulk removal, wash area with copious water, thoroughly ventilate
Decontamination: Avoid touch, use tools for cleanup, change contaminated clothing immediately for chemically resistant alternatives.

Handling and Storage

Handling: Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place, work in chemical fume hood only, avoid breathing vapor, handle with acid-resistant gloves and goggles
Storage: Store away from water, humid air, strong bases, oxidizing or reducing agents, keep at temperature below 25°C in original packaging, segregate from incompatible materials
Transfer: Use secondary containment, transfer under inert atmosphere if possible, check containers for leaks frequently.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, chemical fume hood
Occupational Exposure Limits: Consult current ACGIH/OSHA guidelines for brominated organic compounds; no established limit but minimize exposure as much as possible
Personal Protection: Nitrile or butyl rubber gloves, tightly-sealed goggles, face shield, lab coat, full-length chemical-resistant apron, use respiratory protection (organic vapor/acid gas cartridge) for poor ventilation or high exposure
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling, never eat, drink, or smoke in work area, remove contaminated clothing before leaving workplace.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, penetrating, sharp acyl halide smell
pH: Not applicable, reacts with water
Melting Point: Below −10°C
Boiling Point: In the range of 115°C to 120°C at atmospheric pressure
Flash Point: Not available; may decompose before boiling
Solubility: Decomposes in water, soluble in most organic solvents such as dichloromethane or chloroform
Vapor Pressure: Moderately high
Density: Around 2.06 g/cm³ (at 20°C)
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not readily determined due to hydrolysis.

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Unstable in presence of moisture, gradually decomposes on exposure to air and light
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, water, alcohols, strong oxidizers, amines, humid atmosphere
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide gas, carbon monoxide, acidic vapors
Conditions to Avoid: All heat sources, open flames, any sources of moisture or open air
Polymerization: Does not polymerize, but rapidly decomposes under adverse conditions.

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption; can cause chemical burns, severe respiratory distress
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Rapid, deep tissue destruction, delayed blisters, open wounds
Eye Damage/Irritation: Can lead to permanent blindness, severe pain, clouding, corneal ulceration
Inhalation Exposure: Throat burning, cough, shortness of breath, risk of life-threatening pulmonary edema
Chronic Effects: Frequent or long-term exposure can damage lung tissue and skin, possible sensitization
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic under IARC, ACGIH, NTP, but direct DNA interaction risk not studied
Additional Information: Use only with extreme caution and robust personal protection.

Ecological Information

Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Very toxic, acute and chronic exposure causes severe harm to aquatic organisms
Persistence and Degradability: Hydrolyzes rapidly in water to form 2-bromopropionic acid and hydrogen bromide, both environmentally persistent and harmful
Bioaccumulation Potential: Not significant due to reactivity, but breakdown products remain a risk
Mobility in Soil: High unless rapidly hydrolyzed, potential for contamination of surface and groundwater
Effects on Ecosystems: Even small releases present significant danger to wildlife, algae, and flora via acidification and toxicity.

Disposal Considerations

Waste Management: All unused chemical, contaminated containers, cleaning materials should be handled as hazardous waste
Disposal Methods: Neutralize under controlled laboratory conditions using dilute sodium carbonate or calcium hydroxide, collect residues in sealed containers for approved hazardous waste contractor pickup
Contaminated Packaging: Triple-rinse with appropriate solvent, destroy or recycle in line with local hazardous waste regulations
Regulatory Compliance: Document all waste streams, observe national and international disposal guidelines.

Transport Information

UN Number: UN3265
Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive liquid, acidic, organic, n.o.s. (contains 2-Bromopropionyl Bromide)
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: II
Label Required: Corrosive
Special Precautions: Protect from moisture, keep away from incompatible materials, ensure containers are sealed and secondary containment used
Regulations: Comply with ICAO/IATA for air, IMDG for sea, and ADR/RID for road/rail transport.

Regulatory Information

TSCA Status: Listed under US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
EU Regulations: Classified as corrosive under CLP, subject to strict workplace control and labeling
OSHA: Controlled as a hazardous chemical requiring full Hazard Communication compliance
Other International Lists: Included on Canada DSL/NDSL and other global chemical control lists
Specific Local Restrictions: Users should review all applicable regulations including regional hazard, import, and disposal controls for chemicals containing organic halides.