Material Safety Data Sheet for 2-Chloropropane

1. Identification

Product Name: 2-Chloropropane
CAS Number: 75-29-6
Synonyms: Isopropyl chloride, 2-Propanol chloride
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, organic synthesis intermediate
Supplier Information: Supplier’s details including address, emergency contact, and phone number must be available on each shipment

2. Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Flammable liquids (Category 2); Acute toxicity, inhalation (Category 4); Skin irritation (Category 2); Eye irritation (Category 2A); Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure, Category 3)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor; Harmful if inhaled; Causes skin irritation; Causes serious eye irritation; May cause respiratory irritation
Pictograms: Flame, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames; No smoking; Avoid breathing vapors; Wear protective gloves, eye protection, and face protection; Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area

3. Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: 2-Chloropropane
Concentration: Typically >99%
Molecular Formula: C3H7Cl
Impurities: Trace amounts of 1-chloropropane or dichloropropane, water content must be minimized for purity
EC Number: 200-856-8
RTECS Number: TZ9450000

4. First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air immediately. Keep person warm and at rest. Get medical attention if symptoms persist such as coughing or shortness of breath.
Skin Contact: Promptly remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin with plenty of water. Seek medical advice for persistent irritation or burns.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Get medical attention if redness, pain, or damage persists.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water, but do not induce vomiting. Seek medical help immediately. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
General: Show this data sheet to emergency responders or healthcare providers.

5. Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, alcohol-resistant foam. Water spray can be used to cool fire-exposed containers.
Specific Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Containers may explode under fire conditions. Thermal decomposition produces phosgene, hydrogen chloride, and other toxic gases.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters need self-contained breathing apparatus plus full protective gear. Avoid inhaling combustion products.
Additional Advice: Evacuate area and fight fire from a safe distance. Try to contain extinguishing water to prevent environmental contamination.

6. Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Ensure adequate ventilation. Eliminate ignition sources. Wear full protective equipment as outlined in Section 8.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Stop contamination of drains, surface waters, and soil.
Cleanup Methods: Use non-sparking tools to stop spill. Absorb with inert material like dry sand or earth, then place in chemical waste container. Ventilate area. Dispose according to Section 13 guidelines.
Notification: Report all significant spills to appropriate local, state, or federal authorities.

7. Handling and Storage

Handling: Use proper grounding and bonding procedures. Avoid breathing vapors. Prevent skin or eye contact. Use explosion-proof equipment. Open containers carefully and only under local exhaust ventilation.
Storage: Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated, flammable-resistant location. Store away from heat, sparks, open flames, strong acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents. Keep container away from sunlight.
Other Precautions: Containers should be clearly labeled. Monitor for vapor leaks and maintain good housekeeping. Store only in original container.

8. Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Exposure Limits: No established OSHA or ACGIH values, but similar chlorinated hydrocarbons suggest keeping exposure as low as practical. Consult national and local guidelines.
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hood or effective local exhaust ventilation. Handle in a closed system, when feasible.
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles or face shield, flame-resistant lab coat, and chemical-resistant gloves (such as nitrile or PVC). Splash-proof clothing recommended for large-scale use.
Respiratory Protection: Use appropriate NIOSH-approved respirators for airborne vapor or during spill cleanup.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, face, and arms thoroughly after handling. Remove all contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

9. Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Ethereal and pungent
Molecular Weight: 78.54 g/mol
Boiling Point: 35–36°C (95–97°F)
Melting Point: -115°C (-175°F)
Flash Point: -18°C (0°F), closed cup
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 440°C (824°F)
Flammable Limits: Lower: 2.2%; Upper: 11.6% (by volume in air)
Vapor Pressure: 381 mmHg at 20°C
Density: 0.867 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with alcohol, ether, benzene
Partition coefficient (log Kow): 1.6
Evaporation Rate: Very high

10. Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Normally stable under recommended storage conditions. Decomposes on exposure to open flames or hot surfaces.
Reactivity: May react violently with oxidizing agents. Reacts with strong bases to release chloride ions.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are possible.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, flames, strong oxidizers, bases, acids, and sunlight.
Incompatible Materials: Alkali metals, strong bases, strong acids, oxidizers, finely powdered metals.

11. Toxicological Information

Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): estimated >2000 mg/kg; LC50 (inhalation, rat, 4h): estimated 11200 mg/m³
Effects: Central nervous system depression, drowsiness, dizziness, irritation of respiratory tract, coughing, pulmonary edema in severe cases. Skin contact may cause redness, dryness, or blistering. Eye exposure: pain and irritation.
Chronic Exposure: Dermatitis from long-term skin exposure, repeated inhalation may irritate airway and lungs.
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, or OSHA as a human carcinogen.
Mutagenicity / Reproductive Effects: No definitive human data, but chlorinated organics often prompt precaution.

12. Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to fish and aquatic organisms; estimated LC50 (fish, 96h): 37–68 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable. Slow breakdown in water and soil.
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate, based on log Kow.
Mobility: Highly volatile; can evaporate and enter atmosphere rapidly. May leach into groundwater from spills.
Environmental Impact: Releases threaten aquatic environments and may disrupt wastewater treatment. Ozone formation risk due to air releases; avoid release into the environment.

13. Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with afterburner and scrubber, following all local, state, and federal regulations.
Container Handling: Triple rinse containers before recycling or discarding as hazardous waste.
Contaminated Packaging: Dispose of as hazardous waste.
Do not pour unused product into drains or natural water sources. Collect as hazardous waste for official disposal.

14. Transport Information

UN Number: UN2357
UN Proper Shipping Name: Isopropyl chloride
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: II
Labeling: Flammable liquid label
Special Transport Precautions: Keep containers tightly closed, away from heat and sparks. Transport only in approved containers under required regulations.
IMDG/ICAO/IATA Shipping: Must follow international hazardous goods transport rules.

15. Regulatory Information

Workplace Regulations: Subject to OSHA Process Safety Standard for flammable liquids. Listed under EPCRA (Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act)
TSCA: 2-Chloropropane listed on the TSCA Inventory
SARA Title III: Not subject to Section 313 reporting, but releases may trigger notification
WHMIS Classification (Canada): B2 (Flammable Liquid), D2B (Toxic Material)
EU Classification: Flammable (F), Harmful (Xn)
Other Regulations: State and international environmental regulations may require specific reporting or handling steps. Always consult current guidance for your country.